At the time, James was already mythologized as an American Robin Hood, while Ford was viewed as a traitor who turned on James for a bounty. Unable to return to a normal life, the young man turned to a life of crime instead. Meanwhile, his former commander Archie Clement kept his bushwhacker gang together and began to harass Republican authorities. Frank James fought with the pro-secession Missouri State Guard at the start of the war, then joined a band of Confederate guerrillas known as "bushwhackers," who carried out attacks against Union sympathizers on the frontier. Some of Sam Bass' last words. The More Than I Can Say singer, 74, tied the knot with his girlfriend of nearly 40 years in his adopted home of . 2023, A&E Television Networks, LLC. The James brothers, who had split off from the Youngers before Madelia and were the only gang members not caught or killed following the failed robbery, laid low for the next few years, living in Tennessee under assumed names. Jesse Woodson James, born in Clay County, Missouri, on September 5, 1847,was the son of Kentucky native Zerelda Cole James and her husband, Robert James, a Baptist minister and slave-owning hemp farmer who assisted in founding William Jewell College in Liberty, Missouri. He was buried in Granbury Cemetery, where the headstone bears the name of "Jesse Woodson James". The outlaws used stolen tools to pry up part of the track, pulling it aside with rope as the train rounded a blind curve. In June 1892, a man named Edward O'Kelley walked into his saloon, offered him a quick greeting ("Hello, Bob") and then shot him dead with a sawed-off shotgun. 4,125 words Jesse James was a man He was known throughout the land He was bold, he was bad, but he was brave; But that dirty little coward That shot down Mr. Howard Has gone and laid poor Jesse in his grave . Frank Triplett wrote about James as a "progressive neo-aristocrat" with "purity of race". After the deadly heist, an influential pro-Confederate newspaper editor in Missouri, John Newman Edwards, befriended Jesse and went on to promote the former bushwhacker as a hero and defiant Southern patriot of the Reconstruction era. James grew suspicious of other members; he scared away one man and some believe that he killed another gang member. Jesse Woodson James, born in Clay County, Missouri, on September 5, 1847, was the son of Kentucky native Zerelda Cole James and her husband, Robert James, a Baptist minister and. [12] He also appeared on stage with his brother Charles, reenacting the murder in a touring stage show. But soon he was released on one condition that he murder Jesse James. Jesse James: The Death of the Wild West Outlaw, Jesse James dead in coffin; Photo: Library of Congress/Corbis/VCG via Getty Images, Your Privacy Choices: Opt Out of Sale/Targeted Ads. STANDS4 LLC, 2023. Jesse James was dead. After 50 years of living incognito, impersonating his secretly murdered cousin, he had perfected a cleaner and more refined style of writing. The Assassination of Jesse James by the Coward Robert Ford: Directed by Andrew Dominik. He was 34 years old. But their luck was short lived. Bolton also revealed that her brother had a plan that could prove useful, and on January 13, the governor held another meeting with Robert in a Kansas City hotel room, where they forged the arrangement that promised Ford the reward money and a pardon for all crimes committed in exchange for the apprehension of James. James didnt trust the Ford brothers, especially Bob. In one day, the Ford brothers were indicted, pleaded guilty, and sentenced to death by hanging, but two hours later Crittenden granted them a full pardon.[11]. He stormed into Fords tent saloon armed with a 10-gauge shotgun. The robbery netted little money. In November 1881, after the train robbery, James moved his family to St. Joseph, Missouri, and intended to give up crime. Instead of confronting them, James walked across the living room and laid his revolvers on a sofa. He put together a new gang that included his cousin Wood Hite and an associate named Dick Liddil, and proceeded to reel off a string of railroad hold-ups. The gang left with $2,000 cash from the second robbery and took shelter in abandoned cabins on the Kemp Plantation south of St. Joseph, Louisiana. The James brothers were most active as members of their own gang from about 1866 until 1876, when as a result of their attempted robbery of a bank in Northfield, Minnesota, several members of the gang were captured or killed. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! The high tensions in politics accompanied his outlaw career and enhanced his notoriety.[30][33]. The gang attempted to rob the bank in Northfield at about 2pm. [13] Soon afterward, Robert Ford and Dick Liddil relocated to Las Vegas, New Mexico, where they opened a saloon. Those are the classic words that Road Dogg Jesse James bellowed to alert the WWE Universe to the presence of the hell raising New Age Outlaws. [24] Archie Clement continued his career of crime and harassment of the Republican government, to the extent of occupying the town of Lexington, Missouri, on election day in 1866. O'Kelley's sentence was commuted because of a medical condition and a 7,000-signature petition in favor of his release, and he was released on October 3, 1902. Then they slaughtered more than 100 federal troops trying to hunt them down. After breakfast, they moved into the sitting room to discuss Jesses plan to rob the Platte City, Missouri Bank. [37], In 1874, the Adams Express Company turned to the Pinkerton National Detective Agency to stop the JamesYounger Gang. [28], James claimed he was taking revenge, and the daring escape he and Frank made through the middle of a posse shortly afterward attracted newspaper coverage for the first time. But Even as he jested or tickled his boy in the ribs, Jesse would look over at Bob with melancholy eyes as if the two were . In 1863, he was identified as a member of a guerrilla squad that operated in Clay County. Robert Newton Ford (January 31, 1862 June 8, 1892) was an American outlaw who killed fellow outlaw Jesse James on April 3, 1882. Meanwhile, James' legend continued to . Richmond Missouri As to the money, he received only a fraction of the reward. O'Kelley was sentenced to life in prison, but his sentence was subsequently commuted because of a 7,000-signature petition in favor of his release, as well as a medical condition. 2023. [46] The James brothers eventually split from the others and escaped to Missouri. This is a reference to a short time James supposedly spent near this area. Russellville, Kentucky, the site of the robbery of the Southern Bank in 1868, holds a reenactment of the robbery every year as of the Logan County Tobacco and Heritage Festival. (Library of Congress) Information about the former Confederate soldier and famous outlaw from the Wild West Born: September 5, 1847 Died: April 3, 1882 Spouse: Zerelda Mimms John Newman Edwards made sure to highlight such techniques when creating an image of James as a kind of Robin Hood. He and his brother Frank James joined pro-Confederate guerrillas known as "bushwhackers" operating in Missouri and Kansas during the American Civil War. He and his brother Charley, both members of the JamesYounger Gang under Jamess leadership, went on to perform paid re-enactments of the killing at publicity events. [11] Frank James joined a local company recruited for the secessionist Drew Lobbs Army, and fought at the Battle of Wilson's Creek in August 1861. Leo Sayer has married his partner Donatella Piccinetti in an intimate home ceremony. . Zerelda and her childrenJesse, his older brother and future partner-in-crime Frank, and younger sister, Susanwere plunged into perilous financial straits. O'Kelley said, "Hello, Bob." Crowds pressed into the little house in St. Joseph to see the dead bandit. Frank, however, decided to move to safer territory and headed east to settle in Virginia. On April 3, 1882, Jesse James was shot and killed by Robert Ford, a new recruit to the gang who hoped to collect a reward on James's head and a promised amnesty for his previous crimes. [15], On December 26, 1889, Ford survived an attempt on his life in Kansas City, Kansas when an assailant tried to slit his throat. As promised, Governor Crittenden quickly pardoned the Fords, though the swiftness of his act produced bad optics for everyone involved. Jesse James. Two other agents, Captain Louis J. Lull and John Boyle, were sent after the Youngers; Lull was killed by two of the Youngers in a roadside gunfight on March 17, 1874. With Brad Pitt, Mary-Louise Parker, Brooklynn Proulx, Dustin Bollinger. The only known civil case involving Frank and Jesse James was filed in the Common Pleas Court of Daviess County in 1870. (The Youngers were sentenced to life in prison; Robert Younger died behind bars in 1889, while his siblings were paroled in 1901.) Some of the neo-Confederate movement regard him as a hero. Their escape from a botched robbery in Northfield, Minnesota, in September 1876 that wiped out the rest of the gang seemingly bolstered the myth that the brothers were beyond the reach of the law. John Geoghan The Pedophile Priest Killed By A Molestation Victim In Jail, Children Of God Inside The California Hippie Cult That Encouraged Sexual Abuse Of Kids, What Stephen Hawking Thinks Threatens Humankind The Most, 27 Raw Images Of When Punk Ruled New York, Join The All That's Interesting Weekly Dispatch. Biography and associated logos are trademarks of A+E Networksprotected in the US and other countries around the globe. He camouflaged his depressions and derangements with masquerades of extreme cordiality, courtesy, and goodwill towards others. He began to work with former Unionists who lived near the James family farm. 1879). In response, he moved on and established a saloon in Las Vegas, N.M. However, his makeshift gang was already coming apart at the seams, fueled by the tension between Hite and Liddil over their competition for the affection of the Fords' sister, a widow named Martha Bolton. The two men shot it out at Bolton's home in December, with Robert believed to have stepped in and fired the fatal bullet at Hite. Suffering from tuberculosis (then incurable) and a morphine addiction, Charley Ford committed suicide on May 6, 1884, in Richmond, Missouri. 23 Now these be the last words of David. The Clay County provost marshal reported that both Frank and Jesse James took part in the Centralia Massacre in September, in which guerrillas stopped a train carrying unarmed Union soldiers returning home from duty and killed or wounded some 22 of them; the guerrillas scalped and dismembered some of the dead. During the gang's escape from the town, an innocent bystander, 17-year-old George C. "Jolly" Wymore, a student at William Jewell College, was shot dead on the street.[21]. Missouri governor Thomas T. Crittenden assured Ford that he would receive a full pardon for the murder of Hite and James. Together with Edwards's admiring editorials, the letters helped James become a symbol of Confederate defiance of federal Reconstruction policy. Detectives threw an incendiary device into the house; it exploded, killing James's young half-brother Archie (named for Archie Clement) and blowing off one of Zerelda Samuel's arms. He turned around and noticed a dusty picture above the mantle, and stood on a chair to clean it. 1. Robert Ford drew his weapon and shot the unarmed Jesse James in the back of the head. As a leader of the James Gang, Jesse was used to hangers-on, but a certain 19-year-old gunslinger named Robert Ford caught his eye. In the spring he returned in a squad commanded by Fletch Taylor. The county counted more slaveholders and more slaves than most other regions of the state; in Missouri as a whole, slaves accounted for only 10 percent of the population, but in Clay County, they constituted 25 percent. Terrified at the thought of incurring James' wrath over the killing of his cousin, Liddil determined that it would be safer to get the law involved and asked his mistress to intervene. They continued in crime for several years afterward, recruiting new members, but came under increasing pressure from law enforcement seeking to bring them to justice. His remains were later moved and reinterred at Richmond Cemetery in his native Richmond in Ray County, Missouri; "The man who shot Jesse James" was inscribed on his grave marker.[22]. [2] He held six slaves and more than 100 acres (0.40km2) of farmland. The James gang had been reduced to the two of them. The Cold-blooded Assassination of Outlaw Jesse James By: Oisin Curran Jesse James lies dead in his coffin, cut down in the prime of life by his close friend, Robert Ford. James had two full siblings: his elder brother, Alexander Franklin "Frank" James, and a younger sister, Susan Lavenia James. Nightly he performed in the stage show Outlaws of Missouri, where he delivered his version of Jesse James final moments. Already a celebrity in life, James became a legendary figure of the Wild West after his death. Robert traveled to California during the Gold Rush to minister to those searching for gold;[4] he died there when James was three years old. In the case, Daniel Smoote asked for $223.50 from Frank and Jesse James to replace a horse, saddle, and bridle stolen as they fled the robbery of the Daviess County Savings Bank. Jesse is believed to have shot and killed the cashier, Captain John Sheets, mistakenly believing him to be Samuel P. Cox, the militia officer who had killed "Bloody Bill" Anderson during the Civil War. None of James's biographers accepted them as plausible. Barred by law from offering a sufficiently large reward, he had turned to the railroad and express corporations to put up a $5,000 bounty for the delivery of each of them and an additional $5,000 for the conviction of either of them. They had two children who survived to adulthood: Jesse Edward James (b. Founded in Chicago in 1850 by Allan Pinkerton, a Scottish immigrant who had served as the first full-time detective on the Windy Citys police force, the private agency was experienced in capturing train robbers. [32] It is unlikely that he ever collected the money due. Ford never told the audience that he had shot James from behind. Three men entered the bank, two guarded the door outside, and three remained near a bridge across an adjacent square. [14], The death of Jesse James became a national sensation. The report, prepared by Anne C. Stone, Ph.D., James E. Starrs, L.L.M., and Mark Stoneking, Ph.D., confirmed that the mtDNA recovered from the remains was consistent with the mtDNA of one of James's relatives in the female line. On April 3, 1882, the Ford brothers met James at his home in St. Joseph, Mo. HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. James's initiative in creating his rising public profile is debated by historians and biographers. In May 1863, while at his familys farm, a teenage Jesse was ambushed and his stepfather hung from a tree by Union militiamen seeking the whereabouts of Frank and his fellow insurgents. The gang held up passengers only twice, choosing in all other incidents to take only the contents of the express safe in the baggage car. Frank was enjoying the straight life as a farmer and family man. Except for Frank and Jesse James, the JamesYounger Gang was destroyed.[47][48]. All Rights Reserved. Initially, Bob was charged with the first-degree murder of both Wood Hite and Jesse James, while Charles was charged as his accomplice. Jesse James : Now you think otherwise? [88] It is held annually in September during the weekend after Labor Day. The Union presence enforced martial law with raids on homes, arrests of civilians, summary executions, and banishment of Confederate sympathizers from the state. And Mr. and Mrs. Howard, their two children and their cousin Charles Johnson strolled to the second Presbyterian Church to attend the 10:00 service. [73] During the Populist and Progressive eras, James became an icon as America's Robin Hood, standing up against corporations in defense of the small farmer, robbing from the rich and giving to the poor. The governor had offered rewards higher than the new limit only on Frank and Jesse James. On April 3, 1882, Jesse James was shot and killed by Robert Ford, a new recruit to the gang who hoped to collect a reward on James's head and a promised amnesty for his previous crimes. [citation needed]. [59] The governor's quick pardon suggested he knew the brothers intended to kill James rather than capture him. Shortly after midnight on January 25, 1875, a group of Pinkerton agents, acting on an outdated tip that Jesse and Frank were at their mothers farm, carried out a raid on the place. But on June 8, 1892, a man named Ed O. Kelly (or OKelley) was looking to settle a score with Ford. Dyer, Robert. As he did so, Bob drew his gun and shot him in the back of the head, killing him. His wife and two children were in a nearby room. I shot Jesse James!. As a young man, Ford came to admire Jesse James for his Civil War record and criminal exploits, eventually getting to meet him in 1880 at the age of 18. James, along with his older brother, Frank, were out to get rich by breaking all the rules. Jesse James was the Robin Hood of the West not Wikipedia James' experiences during the Civil War would result in some post-traumatic stress disorder of the worst kind. [53] Although Charley had been out on raids with James, Bob Ford was an eager new recruit. 18 Apr. Narrator : And so it went, Jesse was increasingly cavalier. [citation needed], On April 3, 1882, after eating breakfast, the Fords and James went into the living room before travelling to Platte City. After being nursed back to health by his cousin Zerelda Zee Mimms (whom he would wed in 1874 and later have two children), Jesse eventually banded with his brother and other former Confederate guerrillas to rob banks, stagecoaches and trains. James's two previous bullet wounds and partially missing middle finger served to positively identify the body. Afterward, Pinkerton denied that the raid's intent was arson. Filming took place near Calgary, Canmore, and Edmonton, Alberta, and Winnipeg, Manitoba. He was tended to by his first cousin, Zerelda "Zee" Mimms, named after Jesse's mother. [4], Frank James eluded capture and was believed to have joined the guerrilla organization led by William C. Quantrill known as Quantrill's Raiders. They tortured Reuben Samuel by briefly hanging him from a tree. This influenced how the population acted during and for a period of time after the war. By age 16, Jesse followed Frank as a marauding bushwhacker, with both joining a ruthlessly violent gang led by William Bloody Bill Anderson. I never liked long last acts." Lillie Langtry "It's immoral to let a sucker keep his money." "Canada Bill" Jones, prolific cardsharp of the 1800s [31] This was the beginning of an alliance between James and John Newman Edwards, editor and founder of the Kansas City Times. Ford would spend his later years operating multiple saloons and dance halls in the West. They were brought into a meeting with Crittenden, as they had been around James's cousin Wood Hite the day Hite was murdered. [93], Old Campsite of Jesse and Frank James: US 380, approximately 5 miles east of Decatur: Texas marker #3700 . [14] Jesse and his cousin began a nine-year courtship that culminated in their marriage. Robert Ford : I ain't never seen you without your guns, neither. [6][pageneeded] Crittenden had made capturing the James brothers his top priority; in his inaugural address he declared that no political motives could be allowed to keep them from justice. Earlier that year, Bob Ford had arranged with Missouri'sgovernor to take down Jesse in exchange for a reward. Jesse was 34 years old. The year 1876 was busy in the American West. Library of Congress Return to Crime In the aftermath of the failed Northfield bank robbery of 1876, Frank and Jesse James were forced to hide under. It remains unclear whether Jesse and Frank took part in the Clay County robbery. (In fact, the slain cashier turned out not to be Cox.). [33], Jesse and his cousin Zee married on April 24, 1874. The Ford brothers also enjoyed a brief taste of celebrity as the killers of the notorious outlaw, even reenacting the experience in a stage show. They killed Heywood and Nicholas Gustafson, a Swedish immigrant from the Millersburg community west of Northfield. Barred by law from offering a large reward, he had turned to the railroad and express corporations to put up a $5,000 bounty for the delivery of each of them and an additional $5,000 for the conviction of either of them. [1] By that time, Bob Ford had conducted secret negotiations with Missouri Governor Thomas T. Crittenden, planning to bring in the famous outlaw. We're doing our best to make sure our content is useful, accurate and safe.If by any chance you spot an inappropriate comment while navigating through our website please use this form to let us know, and we'll take care of it shortly. "I wasn't the leader of any gang. Then, check out the NYPD officer who carried her gun in her purse. .css-47aoac{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;text-decoration-color:inherit;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:#A00000;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;}.css-47aoac:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;}Jesse James was no hero, despite what the dime novels depicted, nor did he have a charitable Robin Hood complex as some may have suggested. Logos are trademarks of A+E Networksprotected in the Clay County in response, he received a... Family farm his rising public profile is debated by historians and biographers entered the bank in Northfield at about.... [ 59 ] the James family farm County robbery adulthood: Jesse James... 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